Erbium, karolo ea bo68 lethathamong la periodic.
Ho sibolloa haerbiume tletse ka mapheo.Ka 1787, torotsoaneng ea Itby, e bohōle ba lik’hilomithara tse 1,6 ho tloha Stockholm, Sweden, ho ile ha sibolloa lefatše le lecha le sa tloaelehang lejoeng le letšo, le bitsoang yttrium earth ho ea ka sebaka seo se sibolotsoeng.Kamora Phetohelo ea Sefora, setsebi sa k'hemistri Mossander se sebelisitse theknoloji e sa tsoa ntlafatsoa ho fokotsa lintho tsa mantlhayttriumho tloha lefats'eng la yttrium.Nakong ena, batho ba ile ba hlokomela hore lefats'e la yttrium ha se "karolo e le 'ngoe"' me ba fumana li-oxide tse ling tse peli: e pinki e bitsoa.erbium oxide, ’me e pherese e khanyang e bitsoa terbium oxide.Ka 1843, Mossander o ile a sibolla erbium leterbium, empa o ne a sa lumele hore lintho tse peli tse fumanoeng li ne li hloekile ’me mohlomong li kopane le lintho tse ling.Lilemong tse mashome tse latelang, butle-butle batho ba ile ba fumana hore ho na le lintho tse ngata tse tsoakiloeng ho eona, 'me butle-butle ba fumana likarolo tse ling tsa tšepe tsa lanthanide ntle le erbium le terbium.
Thuto ea erbium e ne e se bonolo joaloka ho sibolloa ha eona.Le hoja Maussand a ile a sibolla erbium oxide e pinki ka 1843, e bile ka 1934 moo disampole tse hloekileng tsa lisampoletšepe ea erbiumli ile tsa ntšoa ka lebaka la ntlafatso e tsoelang pele ea mekhoa ea tlhoekiso.Ka ho futhumatsa le ho hloekisaerbium chloridele potassium, batho ba fihletse phokotso ea erbium ka tšepe potassium.Leha ho le joalo, thepa ea erbium e tšoana haholo le likarolo tse ling tsa tšepe tsa lanthanide, e leng se etsang hore ho be le lilemo tse ka bang 50 tsa ho ema liphuputsong tse amanang le tsona, tse kang magnetism, friction energy le spark generation.Ho fihlela ka 1959, ka tšebeliso ea sebopeho se khethehileng sa elektroniki sa 4f ea liathomo tsa erbium libakeng tse ntseng li hlaha tsa optical, erbium e ile ea hlokomeloa 'me lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa erbium li ile tsa ntlafatsoa.
Erbium, e tšoeu ea silevera, e na le sebopeho se bonolo 'me e bontša feela ferromagnetism e matla haufi le zero e feletseng.Ke superconductor 'me butle-butle e oxidized ke moea le metsi mocheso oa kamore.Erbium oxideke 'mala o mofubelu oa rosa o atisang ho sebelisoa indastering ea porcelain' me o monate oa ho benya.Erbium e tsepame mafikeng a seretse se chesang 'me e na le liminerale tse ngata karolong e ka boroa ea Chaena.
Erbium e na le lisebelisoa tse ikhethang tsa optical mme e khona ho fetolela infrared hore e be leseli le bonahalang, e etsa hore e be sesebelisoa se phethahetseng bakeng sa ho etsa li-detectors tsa infrared le lisebelisoa tsa pono ea bosiu.Hape ke sesebelisoa se hloahloa sa ho lemoha photon, se khonang ho tsoela pele ho monya li-photon ka mekhahlelo e itseng ea ho hlasimolla ha ion sebakeng se tiileng, ebe se lemoha le ho bala lifoto tsena ho etsa mochine oa photon.Leha ho le joalo, katleho ea ho monya ka ho toba ha li-photon ka li-ion tsa trivalent erbium e ne e se holimo.E bile ka 1966 moo bo-rasaense ba ileng ba qapa lisebelisoa tsa laser tsa erbium ka ho nka ka tsela e sa tobang matšoao ka li-ion tse thusang ebe ba fetisetsa matla ho erbium.
Molao-motheo oa laser ea erbium o tšoana le oa laser holmium, empa matla a eona a tlase haholo ho feta a laser holmium.Laser ea erbium e nang le maqhubu a bolelele ba 2940 nanometers e ka sebelisoa ho khaola lisele tse bonolo.Le ha mofuta ona oa laser e bohareng ba sebaka sa infrared o na le bokhoni bo fokolang ba ho kenella, o ka monngoa kapele ke mongobo oa lisele tsa motho, oa fumana litholoana tse ntle ka matla a fokolang.E khona ho seha, ho sila le ho tlosa lisele tse bonolo, ho etsa hore leqeba le fole ka potlako.E sebelisoa haholo liopereishene tsa laser tse kang molomo oa molomo, cataract e tšoeu, botle, ho tlosa maqeba, le ho tlosa masoba.
Ka 1985, Univesithi ea Southampton UK le Northeastern University e Japane li atlehile ho etsa amplifier ea erbium-doped fiber.Matsatsing ana, Wuhan Optics Valley e Wuhan, Profinseng ea Hubei, China e khona ho ikemela ho hlahisa amplifier ena ea erbium-doped fiber le ho e romela Amerika Leboea, Europe le libakeng tse ling.Kopo ena ke e 'ngoe ea liqapi tse kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa puisano ea fiber optic, ha feela karolo e itseng ea erbium e entsoe ka doped, e ka lefella tahlehelo ea matšoao a optical tsamaisong ea puisano.Hajoale amplifier ke sesebelisoa se sebelisoang haholo puisanong ea fiber optic, se khonang ho fetisa mats'oao ntle le ho fokola.
Nako ea poso: Aug-16-2023