Joalo ka motsoako o bobebe o bohlokoa bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa lipalangoang tsa sefofane, thepa ea macroscopic ea aluminium alloy e amana haufi-ufi le sebopeho sa eona se senyenyane. Ka ho fetola likarolo tse ka sehloohong tsa motsoako mohahong oa motsoako oa aluminium, microstructure ea motsoako oa aluminium e ka fetoloa, 'me thepa ea macroscopic le thepa e meng (e kang ho hanyetsa kutu le ts'ebetso ea welding) ea thepa e ka ntlafatsoa haholo. Ho fihlela joale, microalloying e se e le leano le ts'episang ka ho fetisisa la nts'etsopele ea theknoloji bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa sebopeho sa microstructure ea li-alloys tsa aluminium le ho ntlafatsa thepa e feletseng ea lisebelisoa tsa alloy aluminium.Scandium(Sc) ke sesebelisoa sa microalloying se sebetsang ka ho fetesisa se tsebahalang ka lialloi tsa aluminium. Ho qhibiliha ha scandium ka matrix a aluminium ho ka tlase ho 0.35 wt.%, Ho kenyelletsa lintlha tse ngata tsa scandium ho li-alloys tsa aluminium ho ka ntlafatsa sebopeho sa tsona hantle, ho matlafatsa matla a tsona, ho thatafala, polasetiki, botsitso ba mocheso le ho hanyetsa kutu. Scandium e na le litlamorao tse ngata tsa 'mele ho li-alloys tsa aluminium, ho kenyelletsa le ho matlafatsa tharollo e tiileng, ho matlafatsa likaroloana, le ho thibela recrystallization. Sengoliloeng sena se tla hlahisa nts'etsopele ea nalane, tsoelo-pele ea morao-rao, le ts'ebeliso e ka bang teng ea scandium e nang le lisebelisoa tsa aluminium lefapheng la tlhahiso ea lisebelisoa tsa sefofane.
Patlisiso le Nts'etsopele ea Aluminium Scandium Alloy
Ho eketsoa ha scandium e le motsoako oa alloy ho li-alloys tsa aluminium ho ka saloa morao ho tloha lilemong tsa bo-1960. Ka nako eo, boholo ba mosebetsi o ne o etsoa ka binary Al Sc le ternary AlMg Sc alloy systems. Lilemong tsa bo-1970, Baykov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science ea Soviet Academy of Sciences le All Serussia Institute of Light Alloy Research e ile ea etsa lipatlisiso tse hlophisitsoeng ka mokhoa le mochine oa scandium ka lisebelisoa tsa aluminium. Ka mor'a lilemo tse ka bang mashome a mane tsa boiteko, lihlopha tse 14 tsa aluminium scandium alloys li 'nile tsa ntlafatsoa ka lihlopha tse tharo tse kholo (Al Mg Sc, Al Li Sc, Al Zn Mg Sc). Ho qhibiliha ha liathomo tsa scandium ka aluminium ho tlase, 'me ka ho sebelisa mekhoa e nepahetseng ea phekolo ea mocheso, matla a phahameng a Al3Sc nano precipitates a ka ba le pula. Karolo ena ea lipula e batla e le chitja, e na le likaroloana tse nyane le kabo e hasaneng, 'me e na le kamano e ntle e momahaneng le matrix ea aluminium, e ka ntlafatsang haholo matla a mocheso oa kamore ea li-alloys tsa aluminium. Ntle le moo, li-precipitates tsa Al3Sc nano li na le botsitso bo botle ba mocheso le khanyetso e matla ea mocheso (ka har'a 400 ℃), e leng molemo haholo bakeng sa ho hanyetsa mocheso o matla oa alloy. Ka Russia e entsoeng ka aluminium scandium alloys, 1570 alloy e hohetse tlhokomelo e ngata ka lebaka la matla a eona a phahameng ka ho fetisisa le ts'ebeliso e pharaletseng. Alloy ena e bonts'a ts'ebetso e ntle haholo mochesong o sebetsang oa -196 ℃ ho isa ho 70 ℃ 'me e na le superplasticity ea tlhaho, e ka nkang sebaka sa aluminium e entsoeng ka LF6 (alloy ea aluminium ea magnesium e entsoeng haholo-holo ka aluminium, magnesium, koporo, manganese le silicon) bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea oksijene e tsamaisang thepa, e ntlafatsang haholo ts'ebetso ea oksijene. Ho feta moo, Russia e boetse e ntlafalitse lisebelisoa tsa aluminium zinki magnesium scandium, tse emetsoeng ke 1970, ka matla a lintho tse fetang 500MPa.
Boemo ba Boiketlo ba Liindasteri baAluminium Scandium Alloy
Ka 2015, European Union e ile ea lokolla "European Metallurgical Roadmap: Prospects for Manufacturers and End Users", e fana ka tlhahiso ea ho ithuta ho chesoa ha aluminium.lisebelisoa tsa magnesium scandium. Ka Loetse 2020, European Union e ile ea lokolla lethathamo la lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa tsa liminerale tse 29, ho kenyeletsoa le scandium. The 5024H116 aluminium magnesium scandium alloy e entsoeng ke Ale Aluminium Jeremane e na le matla a mahareng ho isa holimo le ho mamella tšenyo e phahameng, e leng se etsang hore e be thepa e tšepisang haholo bakeng sa letlalo la fuselage. E ka sebelisoa ho nkela li-alloys tsa aluminium tsa setso tsa 2xxx 'me e kenyelelitsoe bukeng ea theko ea thepa ea Airbus' AIMS03-01-055. 5028 ke sehlopha se ntlafetseng sa 5024, se loketseng ho cheselletsa laser le friction stir welding. E ka fihlela mokhoa oa ho etsa liphanele tsa "hyperbolic integral wall panels", tse thibelang kutu 'me ha li hloke ho roala ha aluminium. Ha ho bapisoa le alloy ea 2524, sebopeho se akaretsang sa lerako la fuselage se ka fihlela phokotso ea boima ba 5% ea sebopeho. The AA5024-H116 aluminium alloy alloy sheet e hlahisoang ke Aili Aluminium Company e sebelisitsoe ho etsa fuselage ea sefofane le likarolo tsa sebopeho sa sefofane. Botenya bo tloaelehileng ba letlapa la motsoako oa AA5024-H116 ke 1.6mm ho isa ho 8.0mm, 'me ka lebaka la sets'oants'o sa eona se tlase, thepa e itekanetseng ea mochini, ho hanyetsa kutu e phahameng, le ho kheloha ka mokhoa o tiileng, e ka nka sebaka sa 2524 alloy joalo ka letlalo la fuselage. Hajoale, letlapa la alloy la AA5024-H116 le netefalitsoe ke Airbus AIMS03-04-055. Ka December 2018, Lekala la Indasteri le Theknoloji ea Boitsebiso la Chaena le ile la lokolla "Lethathamo la Tataiso bakeng sa Lipontšo tsa Pele tsa Tšebeliso ea Sekondari ea Lintho Tse Ncha tsa Bohlokoa (Khatiso ea 2018)", e neng e kenyelletsa "high-purity scandium oxide" lethathamong la nts'etsopele ea indasteri e ncha ea thepa. Ka selemo sa 2019, Lekala la Indasteri le Theknoloji ea Boitsebiso la Chaena le ile la lokolla "Lethathamo la Tataiso bakeng sa Sehlopha sa Pele sa Likopo tsa Pontšo ea Lisebelisoa tsa Key New (Khatiso ea 2019)", e neng e kenyelletsa "Sc e nang le lisebelisoa tsa aluminium alloy le lithapo tsa welding tsa Al Si Sc" lethathamong la nts'etsopele ea indasteri e ncha ea thepa. China Aluminium Group Northeast Light Alloy e hlahisitse Al Mg Sc Zr series 5B70 alloy e nang le scandium le zirconium. Ha ho bapisoa le setso sa Al Mg letoto la 5083 alloy ntle le scandium le zirconium, lihlahisoa tsa eona le matla a matla li eketsehile ka ho feta 30%. Ho feta moo, Al Mg Sc Zr alloy e ka boloka ho hanyetsa ha kutu ho bapisoa le motsoako oa 5083. Hona joale, likhoebo tse ka sehloohong tsa malapeng tse nang le sehlopha sa indasterimotsoako oa aluminium scandiumbokgoni ba tlhahiso ke Northeast Light Alloy Company le Southwest Aluminium Industry. Letlapa la boholo bo boholo ba 5B70 aluminium scandium alloy e entsoeng ke Northeast Light Alloy Co., Ltd. e ka fana ka lipoleiti tse kholo tsa aluminium tse teteaneng tse nang le botenya bo boholo ba 70mm le bophara bo boholo ba 3500mm; Lihlahisoa tsa letlapa le lesesaane le lihlahisoa tsa profil li ka etsoa molemong oa tlhahiso, ka bophara ba 2mm ho isa ho 6mm le bophara bo boholo ba 1500mm. Aluminium e ka boroa-bophirima e ikemetse e ntlafalitse lisebelisoa tsa 5K40 mme e entse tsoelo-pele e kholo ho nts'etsopele ea lipoleiti tse tšesaane. Al Zn Mg alloy ke motsoako o thata oa nako o nang le matla a phahameng, ts'ebetso e ntle ea ts'ebetso, le ts'ebetso e ntle ea welding. Ke thepa ea bohlokoa le ea bohlokoa ea sebopeho likoloing tsa hajoale tsa lipalangoang joalo ka lifofane. Motheong oa matla a mahareng a ka chesehang AlZn Mg, ho eketsa lisebelisoa tsa alloy tsa scandium le zirconium ho ka theha li-nanoparticles tse nyane le tse hasantsoeng tsa Al3 (Sc, Zr) ka har'a microstructure, ho ntlafatsa haholo thepa ea mochini le khatello ea khatello ea maikutlo ea alloy. Setsi sa Lipatlisiso sa Langley sa NASA se thehile ternary aluminium scandium alloy e nang le grade C557, e seng e loketse ho sebelisoa mesebetsing ea mohlala. Matla a tsitsitseng, ho ata ha crack, le ho tiea ha fracture ea motsoako ona mochesong o tlase (-200 ℃), mocheso oa kamore, le mocheso o phahameng (107 ℃) kaofela li lekana kapa li betere ho feta tsa 2524 alloy. Univesithi ea Northwestern United States e thehile AlZn Mg Sc alloy 7000 series aluminium alloy ultra-high, e nang le matla a ho fihla ho 680MPa. Mokhoa oa nts'etsopele ea kopanelo lipakeng tsa aluminium scandium alloy ea matla a mahareng le matla a holimo-limo Al Zn Mg Sc e thehiloe. Al Zn Mg Cu Sc alloy ke motsoako oa aluminium o matla haholo o nang le matla a maholo a fetang 800 MPa. Hajoale, sebopeho sa mabitso le mekhahlelo ea mantlha ea ts'ebetso ea limaraka tse kholo tsamotsoako oa aluminium scandiumli akaretsoa ka tsela e latelang, joalokaha ho bontšitsoe ho Lethathamo la 1 le la 2.
Lethathamo la 1 | Sebopeho sa Lebitso la Aluminium Scandium Alloy
Lethathamo la 2 | Lintho tsa Microstructure le Tensile tsa Aluminium Scandium Alloy
Litebello tsa ts'ebeliso ea aluminium scandium alloy
Matla a phahameng a Al Zn Mg Cu Sc le li-alloys tsa Al CuLi Sc li sebelisitsoe ho likarolo tsa meralo tse jarang meroalo, ho kenyelletsa le lifofane tsa ntoa tsa Russia tsa MiG-21 le MiG-29. Dashboard ea "Mars-1" ea sepakapaka sa Russia "Mars-1" e entsoe ka 1570 aluminium scandium alloy, ka kakaretso ea phokotso ea boima ba 20%. Likarolo tse jereng thepa ea mochine oa sepakapaka sa Mars-96 li entsoe ka 1970 aluminium alloy e nang le scandium, e fokotsa boima ba sesebelisoa sa "module" ea "Flight" ea 20 "Lenaneo la "Flight" ea 10 "EU" ea 10 "EU" ea 10%. "Projeke ea Route", Airbus e entse moralo o kopaneng oa menyako ea thepa, lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele, ho etsa le ho kenya liteko tsa lifofane bakeng sa sefofane sa A321 se ipapisitseng le mohlahlami oa AA5028-H116 aluminium scandium alloy ea 5024 aluminium scandium alloy. tjheseletsa ea laser ho fihlela khokahanyo e ka tšeptjoang ea lisebelisoa tsa aloi ea aluminium Ho kengoa butle-butle ha "welding ho e-na le riveting" ka lifofane tse matlafalitsoeng meaho ea lipoleiti tse tšesaane ha li boloke feela ho tsitsa ha thepa ea sefofane le bots'epehi ba sebopeho, ho fihlela tlhahiso e sebetsang hantle le e theko e tlase, empa hape e na le ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele le litlamorao tsa ho tiisa e sentse ka mahlale a matla a ho ohla likarolo tse fapaneng tsa botenya ba lebota, taolo ea ho hanyetsa kutu le ho bapisa matla, le taolo ea khatello e setseng ea tjheseletsa e lokiselitse terata ea aluminium scandium alloy adaptive, le coefficient ea matla a kopantsoeng ea tšubuhlellano ea lipoleiti tse teteaneng ka har'a alloy e ka fihla ho 0.92, ho etsa liteko tse tebileng tsa ts'ebetso ea Univesithi ea Naha ea China Lisebelisoa tsa 5B70, tse ntlafalitsoeng le ho pheta-pheta moralo oa khetho ea lisebelisoa bakeng sa 5A06, 'me li se li qalile ho sebelisa motsoako oa 5B70 oa aluminium mohahong o ka sehloohong oa liphanele tse matlafalitsoeng tsa kamore e tiisitsoeng ea seteishene sa sebaka le ntlo ea ho khutlela morao. Le ha ho ntse ho ntlafatsa ho tiea le matla ka kakaretso, ho fokotsa palo le ho rarahana ha likarolo tse hokelang, ka hona ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele ha ho ntse ho bolokoa ts'ebetso e phahameng ea 5B70, ts'ebeliso ea lisebelisoa tsa 5B70 butle-butle e tla eketseha le ho feta moeli oa phepelo e tlase, e tla thusa ho netefatsa tlhahiso e tsoelang pele ea thepa e tala le boleng bo tsitsitseng ba thepa e tala li-alloys li ntlafalitsoe ka scandium microalloying, theko e phahameng le khaello ea scandium li fokotsa tšebeliso ea lisebelisoa tsa aluminium scandium alloys tse kang Al Cu, Al Zn, Al ZnMg, scandium e nang le lisebelisoa tsa alloy ea aluminium e na le thepa e ntle e felletseng ea mochini, ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso, 'me e etsa hore e be le ts'ebetso e ntle ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso. Ka ho teba ho tsoelang pele ha lipatlisiso mabapi le theknoloji ea microalloying ea scandium le ntlafatso ea ketane ea phepelo le ketane ea liindasteri, lintlha tsa theko le litšenyehelo tse thibelang ts'ebeliso e kholo ea liindasteri tsa li-alloys tsa aluminium tsa scandium li tla ntlafala butle-butle. lebala la tlhahiso ea lisebelisoa tsa sefofane.
Nako ea poso: Oct-29-2024